Pashto Grammar Pdf
Pashto Grammar: Verbs www.SimplePashto.com. The Pashto grammar allows you to manipulate the vocabulary to obtain multiple forms of a word. The grammatical rules below are the most important in Pashto and help connect words or shape the structure. This grammar of Pashto was designed to accompany a set of beginning- and intermediate-level instructional materials for teaching the Pashto language to English speakers, but can be used separately as a reference by readers who are not learning the language. Introductory sections in English and Pashto describe the content and organization. The Website Pashto provide Pashto information, and show to world about pashtoon culture, the aim of this Pashto website.
Welcome to the 8th lesson about Pashto grammar. We will first learn about prepositions, negation, questions, adverbs, and pronouns including: personal, object and possessive pronouns.
We will start with prepositions. In general, they are used to link words to other words. Software developer on mac os vs linux. For example: I speak Pashto and English the preposition is [and] because it connects both words Pashto and English. The following is a list of the most used prepositions in Pashto.
| Prepositions - Pashto |
|---|
| and او |
| above پورته |
| under لاندی |
| before مخکی |
| after وروسته |
| in front of په وړاندې |
| behind تر شا |
| far from هاخوا |
| near نږدی |
| in په |
| inside دننه |
| outside د باندې |
| with سره |
| without پرته |
| about په اړه |
| between تر منځ |
| but خو |
| for لپاره |
| from له |
| to ته |
English To Pashto Grammar Pdf
Preposition Grammar Rules
The following examples use prepositions in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence.
| Prepositions + Rules - Pashto |
|---|
| I eat without a knife [preposition + noun] زه له چاړه پرته خوراک کوم |
| she lives near the church [verb + preposition] هغه له کلیسا سره نږدې اوسیږي |
| he is taller than her [adjective + preposition] هغه له هغې لوړ دی |
| he came with his small dog [preposition + pronoun] هغه له خپل کوچني سپي سره راغلې و |
| can you come with me? [preposition + pronoun] آیا ته له ما سره راتلې شې؟ |
Negation in Pashto
Now let's learn how to make a negative sentence (negation). For example: Saying no, I can't, I don't . The following examples use negation in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence.
| Negation + Rules - Pashto |
|---|
| I understand you [affirmative form] زه تا پېژنم |
| I don't understand you [negation + verb] زه تا نه پېژنم |
| this is not the correct word [negation + adjective] دا سم لفظ نه دی |
| don't leave me [imperative negation] ما مه پرېږده |
| no problem [negation + noun] کومه ستونزه نشته |
| Negative Sentences - Pashto |
|---|
| I don't speak French [negation + present tense] زه په فرانسوي ژبه خبرې نه کوم |
| she didn't visit Germany [negation + past tense] هغې المان ته سفر نه و کړې |
| he cannot see us [negative modal verb] هغه له مونږ سره نه شي لیدلی |
| can't she play chess? [interrogative negation] آیا هغه د شطرنج لوبه نه شي کولی؟ |
| we will not come late [negation + future tense] مونږ به ناوخته رانه شو |
Questions in Pashto
Usb av grabber software. Now let's learn how to ask questions (interrogative). Such as: what, why, can you .? Here are some common examples:
| English - Pashto |
|---|
| how? څنګه؟ |
| what? څه؟ |
| who? څوک؟ |
| why? ولې؟ |
| where? چېرته؟ |
More of the interrogative form, now in a sentence:
| Questions + Rules - Pashto |
|---|
| where do you live? [interrogative + verb] تاسې چېرته اوسېږئ؟ |
| does she speak Chinese? [interrogative verb] آیا هغه په چینايي ژبه خبرې کولی شي؟ |
| how much is this? [interrogative preposition] دا په څو دی؟ |
| can I help you? [interrogative modal verb] آیا زه له تا سره مرسته کولی شم؟ |
| what is your name? [interrogative preposition] ستاسې نوم څه دی؟ |
Adverbs in Pashto
It's time to learn the adverbs in Pashto. But what is an adverb? In general, adverbs modify verbs and adjectives. For example: You speak fast. The adverb is [fast] because it describes the verb and answers the question how do you speak?. Here is a list of the most common ones:
| Adverbs - Pashto |
|---|
| now اوس |
| yesterday پرون |
| today نن |
| tonight نن شپه |
| tomorrow سبا |
| soon ژر |
| quickly په تیزۍ سره |
| slowly ورو ورو |
| together يو ځای |
| very ډېر |
| almost تقریبآ |
| always تل |
| usually معمولآ |
| sometimes کله ناکله |
| rarely ډېر لږ |
| never هيڅکله نه |
The following examples use the adverbs in different ways and places to demonstrate how it behaves in a sentence.
| Adverbs + Rules - Pashto |
|---|
| do you understand me now? [pronoun + adverb] آیا ته اوس ما پېژنې؟ |
| I need help immediately [noun + adverb] زه چټکې مرستې ته اړتیا لرم |
| she is very intelligent [adverb + adjective] هغه ډېره هوښیاره ده |
| I will always love you [verb + adverb] زه به تل له تا سره مینه کوم |
| can we learn German together? [adverb in a question] آیا مونږ الماني ژبه په ګډه سره زده کولای شو؟ |
Pronouns in Pashto
We're almost done! This time we will learn the pronouns in Pashto. In general, a pronoun can be used instead of a noun. For example instead of saying my teacher speaks 3 languages, you can use the pronoun he, and say he speaks 3 languages. Here is a list of the most common ones:
| Personal Pronouns - Pashto |
|---|
| I زه |
| you ته/تاسی |
| he هغه سړی |
| she هغه ښځه |
| we موږ |
| they هغوی |
| Object Pronouns - Pashto |
|---|
| me ماته |
| you تاته/تاسو ته |
| him هغه سړی |
| her هغه ښځه |
| us مونږ ته |
| them هغوی ته |
| Possessive Pronouns - Pashto |
|---|
| my زما |
| your ستا/ستاسو |
| his دهغه سړی |
| her دهغی ښځی |
| our زموږ |
| their د هغوی |
I think it's better to put the above example in a sentence to better assist you. The following examples use pronouns in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence. We will start with the personal pronouns.
| Personal Pronouns - Pashto |
|---|
| I am your friend [1st pronoun + verb] زه ستا ملګری یم |
| you speak very fast [2nd pronoun + adverb] ته ډېرې تېزې خبرې کوې |
| he has three dogs [3rd pronoun + verb] هغه درې سپي لري |
| she can speak German [3rd pronoun + verb] هغه په الماني ژبه خبرې کولی شي |
| we will not come late [1st plural pronoun] مونږ به ناوخته رانه شو |
| they bought milk and bread [3rd plural pronoun] هغوي شیدې او ډوډۍ اخیستې وه |
The object pronoun is used as a target by a verb, and usually come after that verb. For example: I gave him my book. The object pronoun here is him. Here are more examples:
Pashto Language Grammar Pdf
| Object Pronouns - Pashto |
|---|
| can you tell me your name? [1st object pronoun] آیا ته ما ته خپل نوم ښودلی شې؟ |
| I will give you money [2nd object pronoun] زه به تا ته پیسې درکړم |
| she wrote him a letter [3rd object pronoun] هغې هغه ته لیک لیکلی و |
| they visited her yesterday [3rd object pronoun] هغوي پرون له هغې سره ولیدل |
| can she help us? [1st pl. object pronoun] آیا هغه له مونږ سره مرسته کولی شي؟ |
| he gave them food [3rd pl. object pronoun] هغه هغوي ته خوراک ورکړ |
| Possessive Pronouns - Pashto |
|---|
| my name is Maya [1st possessive pronoun] زما نوم مایا دی |
| your brother lives here [2nd possessive pronoun] ستا ورور دلته اوسیږي |
| her mother cooks for us [3rd possessive pronoun] د هغه مور مونږ ته پخلی کوي |
| his hobby is reading books [3rd possessive pronoun] د هغه تفرېح د کتابونو مطالعه ده |
| our dream is to visit Paris [1st pl. possessive pronoun] پاریس ته سفر زمونږ خوب دی |
| their house is not far [3rd pl. possessive pronoun] د هغوي کور لرې نه دی |
One more thing you need to know is the demonstrative pronouns. They're very easy to learn.
| Demonstrative Pronouns - Pashto |
|---|
| this is my house دا زما کور دی |
| that restaurant is far هغه رستورانت لرې دی |
| these apples are delicious دغه مڼې خوږې دي |
| those stars are shiny هغه ستوري ځلېدونکي دي |
Pashto Grammar In Urdu Pdf
I hope you learned a lot about the Pashto grammar in this lesson. Please check out our main menu here for more lessons: homepage. The next lesson is below, have fun!
Inspirational Quote: First say to yourself what you would be; and then do what you have to do. Epictetus |